新闻出版署关于加强对报纸、期刊、图书审读工作的通知

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新闻出版署关于加强对报纸、期刊、图书审读工作的通知

新闻出版署


新闻出版署关于加强对报纸、期刊、图书审读工作的通知
新闻出版署



做好对报纸、期刊、图书的审读工作,是加强和改进新闻出版管理的重要方法。其任务是了解报纸、期刊、图书的内容,掌握出版动态;研究报纸、期刊、图书出版中出现哪些新的突破性进展或倾向性问题;向上级领导提供有关报纸、期刊、图书的情况和建议,以便于对报纸、期刊、
图书出版工作进行监督和宏观指导,帮助报社、期刊社、出版社总结经验,提高报纸、期刊、图书的质量,促进社会主义科学文化的繁荣与发展。为此,通知如下:
一、新闻出版署报纸局、期刊局、图书局及各省、自治区、直辖市新闻出版局应配置一定数量的负责审读工作的人员;还要采取多种形式,聘任一些具有审读能力,又乐于参加审读的人,将他们组织起来,与署、局的专业审读人员一起对出版物进行审读。
二、各省、自治区、直辖市新闻出版局负责审读本地区出版的报纸、期刊、图书,对其中在全国或本地影响较大的报纸、期刊和图书进行重点审读。
三、审读的主要内容是:
1.书、报、刊的内容是否坚持了一个“中心”、两个“基本点”;是否贯彻了党的路线、方针、政策;
2.各报社、期刊社、出版社是否坚持了原定的办报、办刊、办社宗旨和方针;出版社是否坚持了原定的专业分工;
3.报纸、期刊和图书的出版是否遵守国家法律、出版管理规定、宣传纪律和保密规定;
4.报纸、期刊和图书有无违反新闻出版署《关于重申严禁淫秽出版物的规定》、《关于出版物封面、插图和出版物广告管理的暂行规定》,及其他有关规定;
5.报纸、期刊和图书刊载了哪些特别重要的新闻报道,以及在理论观点、艺术质量、创作题材方面都有较大突破的理论文章、文艺作品;
6.新闻报道、图片是否真实、全面、客观、公正,对严重失实报道是否及时公开更正,并采取善后措施。
四、报纸、期刊、图书的审读人员要严肃认真地进行审读工作,要及时将负责审读的报纸、期刊、图书(含美术摄影作品)的选题、类型、题材、倾向、趋势等进行分析,提出综合性的审读意见。要结合审读业务撰写表扬或批评文章,向署、局提出表扬、批评和处理的意见,可参加报
社、期刊社、出版社组织的研讨会、经验交流会、表彰会。


各省、自治区、直辖市新闻出版局和署报纸局、期刊局、图书局每半年向署领导提交一份扼要的综合审读报告。对于重要情况,必须随时通报。
五、对聘任的审读人员,可以根据他们的工作情况,支付一定的报酬。对于不能胜任者,可以随时解聘。
六、审读人员在审读报纸、期刊、图书的工作中,如发现问题需要处理而又出现不同意见时,可报新闻出版署鉴定。新闻出版署各有关司局必须由至少3人组成的专家小组签署审读意见,报署长(或指定的副署长)核准,以作为处理问题的依据。



1988年11月9日
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中华人民共和国海关对保税物流园区的管理办法

海关总署


海关总署令第134号(中华人民共和国海关对保税物流园区的管理办法)


  《中华人民共和国海关对保税物流园区的管理办法》经2005年11月1日署务会审议通过,现予公布,自2006年1月1日起施行。



         署 长 牟新生

         二○○五年十一月二十八日



中华人民共和国海关对保税物流园区的管理办法



第一章 总 则



  第一条 为了规范海关对保税物流园区及其进出货物、保税物流园区企业及其经营行为的管理,根据《中华人民共和国海关法》和有关法律、行政法规的规定,制定本办法。

  第二条 本办法所称的保税物流园区(以下简称园区)是指经国务院批准,在保税区规划面积或者毗邻保税区的特定港区内设立的、专门发展现代国际物流业的海关特殊监管区域。

  第三条 海关在园区派驻机构,依照本办法对进出园区的货物、运输工具、个人携带物品及园区内相关场所实行24小时监管。

  第四条 园区与中华人民共和国境内的其他地区(以下简称区外)之间,应当设置符合海关监管要求的卡口、围网隔离设施、视频监控系统及其他海关监管所需的设施。

  第五条 园区内设立仓库、堆场、查验场和必要的业务指挥调度操作场所,不得建立工业生产加工场所和商业性消费设施。

  海关、园区行政管理机构及其经营主体、在园区内设立的企业(以下简称园区企业)等单位的办公场所应当设置在园区规划面积内、围网外的园区综合办公区内。除安全保卫人员和相关部门、企业值班人员外,其他人员不得在园区内居住。

  第六条 经海关总署会同国务院有关部门对本办法第四条、第五条第一款规定的有关设施、场所验收合格后,园区可以开展有关业务。

  第七条 园区可以开展下列业务:

  (一)存储进出口货物及其他未办结海关手续货物;

  (二)对所存货物开展流通性简单加工和增值服务;

  (三)进出口贸易,包括转口贸易;

  (四)国际采购、分销和配送;

  (五)国际中转;

  (六)检测、维修;

  (七)商品展示;

  (八)经海关批准的其他国际物流业务。

  第八条 园区内不得开展商业零售、加工制造、翻新、拆解及其他与园区无关的业务。

  第九条 有下列情形的,园区企业应当在规定的时间内书面报告园区主管海关并办理相关手续:

  (一)遭遇不可抗力等灾害;

  (二)海关监管货物被行政执法部门或者司法机关采取查封、扣押等强制措施;

  (三)海关监管货物被盗窃;

  (四)法律、行政法规规定的其他情形。

  上述情形的报告时间,第(一)项在发生之日起5个工作日内,第(二)至(四)项在发生之日起3个工作日内。

  第十条 对园区与区外之间进出的海关监管货物,园区主管海关可以要求企业提供相应的担保。

  第十一条 法律、行政法规禁止进出口的货物、物品不得进出园区。



第二章 海关对园区企业的管理



  第十二条 园区企业应当具有企业法人资格。园区企业在开展业务前,应当按照《中华人民共和国海关对报关单位注册登记管理规定》及相关规定向海关办理注册登记手续。

  特殊情况下,经直属海关批准,区外法人企业可以依法在园区内设立分支机构。

  第十三条 园区企业应当具备下列条件:

  (一)具有向海关缴纳税款及履行其他法定义务的能力;

  (二)在园区内拥有专门的营业场所。

  第十四条 园区企业变更营业场所面积、地址等事项的,应当报经直属海关批准;变更名称、组织机构、性质、法定代表人、注册资本等注册登记内容的,应当在变更后5个工作日内报直属海关备案。

  园区企业有前款以外的其他变更情形的,应当按照法律、行政法规的有关规定向园区主管海关报告并办理相关手续。

  第十五条 海关对园区企业实行电子账册监管制度和计算机联网管理制度。

  园区行政管理机构或者其经营主体应当在海关指导下通过“电子口岸”建立供海关、园区企业及其他相关部门进行电子数据交换和信息共享的计算机公共信息平台。

  园区企业应当建立符合海关监管要求的计算机管理系统,提供供海关查阅数据的终端设备,按照海关规定的认证方式和数据标准与海关进行联网。

  第十六条 园区企业应当依照《中华人民共和国会计法》及有关法律、行政法规的规定,规范财务管理,设置符合海关监管要求的账簿、报表,记录本企业的财务状况和有关进出园区货物、物品的库存、转让、转移、销售、简单加工、使用等情况,如实填写有关单证、账册,凭合法、有效的凭证记账和核算。

  园区企业应当编制月度货物进、出、转、存情况表和年度财务会计报告,并定期报送园区主管海关。



第三章 海关对进出园区货物的监管



第一节 对园区与境外之间进出货物的监管



  第十七条 海关对园区与境外之间进、出的货物实行备案制管理,但园区自用的免税进口货物、国际中转货物或者法律、行政法规另有规定的货物除外。境外货物到港后,园区企业(或者其代理人)可以先凭舱单将货物直接运至园区,再凭进境货物备案清单向园区主管海关办理申报手续。

  第十八条 园区与境外之间进出的货物应当向园区主管海关申报。园区货物的进出境口岸不在园区主管海关管辖区域的,经园区主管海关批准,可以在口岸海关办理申报手续。

  第十九条 园区内开展整箱进出、二次拼箱等国际中转业务的,由开展此项业务的企业向海关发送电子舱单数据,园区企业向园区主管海关申请提箱、集运等,凭舱单等单证办理进出境申报手续。

  第二十条 从园区运往境外的货物,除法律、行政法规另有规定外,免征出口关税。

  第二十一条 下列货物、物品从境外进入园区,海关予以办理免税手续:

  (一)园区的基础设施建设项目所需的设备、物资等;

  (二)园区企业为开展业务所需的机器、装卸设备、仓储设施、管理设备及其维修用消耗品、零配件及工具;

  (三)园区行政管理机构及其经营主体和园区企业自用合理数量的办公用品。

  第二十二条 下列货物从境外进入园区,海关予以办理保税手续:

  (一)园区企业为开展业务所需的货物及其包装物料;

  (二)加工贸易进口货物;

  (三)转口贸易货物;

  (四)外商暂存货物;

  (五)供应国际航行船舶和航空器的物料、维修用零配件;

  (六)进口寄售货物;

  (七)进境检测、维修货物及其零配件;

  (八)供看样订货的展览品、样品;

  (九)未办结海关手续的一般贸易货物;

  (十)经海关批准的其他进境货物。

  第二十三条 园区行政管理机构及其经营主体和园区企业从境外进口的自用交通运输工具、生活消费用品,按一般贸易进口货物的有关规定向海关办理申报手续。

  第二十四条 园区与境外之间进出的货物,不实行进出口许可证件管理,但法律、行政法规、规章另有规定的除外。



第二节 对园区与区外之间进出货物的监管



  第二十五条 园区与区外之间进出的货物,由园区企业或者区外收、发货人(或者其代理人)在园区主管海关办理申报手续。

  园区企业在区外从事进出口贸易业务且货物不实际进出园区的,可以在收、发货人所在地的主管海关或者货物实际进出境口岸的海关办理申报手续。

  第二十六条 园区货物运往区外视同进口,园区企业或者区外收货人(或者其代理人)按照进口货物的有关规定向园区主管海关申报,海关按照货物出园区时的实际监管方式的有关规定办理。

  第二十七条 园区企业跨关区配送货物或者异地企业跨关区到园区提取货物的,可以在园区主管海关办理申报手续,也可以按照海关规定办理进口转关手续。

  第二十八条 除法律、行政法规、规章规定不得集中申报的货物外,园区企业少批量、多批次进、出货物的,经园区主管海关批准可以办理集中申报手续,并适用每次货物进出口时海关接受该货物申报之日实施的税率、汇率。集中申报的期限不得超过1个月,且不得跨年度办理。

  第二十九条 区外货物运入园区视同出口,由园区企业或者区外发货人(或者其代理人)向园区主管海关办理出口申报手续。属于应当征收出口关税的商品,海关按照有关规定征收出口关税;属于许可证件管理的商品,应当同时向海关出具有效的出口许可证件,但法律、行政法规、规章另有规定在出境申报环节提交出口许可证件的除外。

  用于办理出口退税的出口货物报关单证明联的签发手续,按照下列规定办理:

  (一)从区外进入园区供园区企业开展业务的国产货物及其包装物料,由园区企业或者区外发货人(或者其代理人)填写出口货物报关单,海关按照对出口货物的有关规定办理,签发出口货物报关单证明联;货物转关出口的,启运地海关在收到园区主管海关确认转关货物已进入园区的电子回执后,签发出口货物报关单证明联;

  (二)从区外进入园区供园区行政管理机构及其经营主体和园区企业使用的国产基建物资、机器、装卸设备、管理设备等,海关按照对出口货物的有关规定办理,并签发出口货物报关单证明联;

  (三)从区外进入园区供园区行政管理机构及其经营主体和园区企业使用的生活消费用品、办公用品、交通运输工具等,海关不予签发出口货物报关单证明联;

  (四)从区外进入园区的原进口货物、包装物料、设备、基建物资等,区外企业应当向海关提供上述货物或者物品的清单,按照出口货物的有关规定办理申报手续,海关不予签发出口货物报关单证明联,原已缴纳的关税、进口环节增值税和消费税不予退还。

  第三十条 从园区到区外的货物涉及免税的,海关按照进口免税货物的有关规定办理。

  第三十一条 经园区主管海关批准,园区企业可以在园区综合办公区专用的展示场所举办商品展示活动。展示的货物应当在园区主管海关备案,并接受海关监管。

  园区企业在区外其他地方举办商品展示活动的,应当比照海关对暂时进口货物的管理规定办理有关手续。

  第三十二条 园区行政管理机构及其经营主体和园区企业使用的机器、设备和办公用品等,需要运往区外进行检测、维修的,应当向园区主管海关提出申请,经园区主管海关核准、登记后可以运往区外。

  第三十三条 运往区外检测、维修的机器、设备和办公用品等不得留在区外使用,并自运出之日起60日内运回园区。因特殊情况不能如期运回的,园区行政管理机构及其经营主体和园区企业应当于期满前10日内,以书面形式向园区主管海关申请延期,延长期限不得超过30日。

  第三十四条 检测、维修完毕运回园区的机器、设备等应当为原物。有更换新零配件或者附件的,原零配件或者附件应当一并运回园区。

  对在区外更换的国产零配件或者附件,如需退税,由园区企业或者区外企业提出申请,园区主管海关按照出口货物的有关规定办理,并签发出口货物报关单证明联。

  第三十五条 区外原进口货物需要退运出境或者原出口货物需要复运进境的,不得经过园区进出境或者进入园区存储。

  根据无代价抵偿货物规定进行更换的区外原进口货物,留在区外不退运出境的,也不得进入园区。



第三节 对园区内货物的监管



  第三十六条 园区内货物可以自由流转。园区企业转让、转移货物时应当将货物的具体品名、数量、金额等有关事项向海关进行电子数据备案,并在转让、转移后向海关办理报核手续。

  第三十七条 未经园区主管海关许可,园区企业不得将所存货物抵押、质押、留置、移作他用或者进行其他处置。

  按照本办法第二十一条规定免税进入园区的货物、物品,适用本条前款的规定。

  第三十八条 园区企业可以对所存货物开展流通性简单加工和增值服务,包括分级分类、分拆分拣、分装、计量、组合包装、打膜、加刷唛码、刷贴标志、改换包装、拼装等具有商业增值的辅助性作业。

  第三十九条 申请在园区内开展维修业务的企业应当具有企业法人资格,并在园区主管海关登记备案。园区企业所维修的产品及其零配件仅限于来自境外,检测维修后的产品、更换的零配件以及维修过程中产生的物料等应当复运出境。

  第四十条 园区企业自开展业务之日起,应当每年向园区主管海关办理报核手续。园区主管海关应当自受理报核申请之日起30日内予以核库。企业有关账册、原始数据应当自核库结束之日起至少保留3年。

  第四十一条 进入园区的国内出口货物尚未办理退税手续的,因品质或者规格原因需要退还出口企业时,园区企业应当在货物申报进入园区之日起1年内提出申请,并提供出口企业所在地主管税务部门出具的未办理出口退税证明,经园区主管海关批准后,可以办理退运手续,且无需缴纳进口关税、进口环节增值税和消费税;海关已征收出口关税的,应当予以退还。货物以转关方式进入园区的,园区企业出具启运地海关退运联系单后,园区主管海关办理相关手续。

  进境货物未经流通性简单加工,需原状退运出境的,园区企业可以向园区主管海关申请办理退运手续。

  已办理出口退税的货物或者已经流通性简单加工的货物(包括进境货物)如需退运,按照进出口货物的有关规定办理海关手续。

  第四十二条 除已经流通性简单加工的货物外,区外进入园区的货物,因质量、规格型号与合同不符等原因,需原状返还出口企业进行更换的,园区企业应当在货物申报进入园区之日起1年内向园区主管海关申请办理退换手续。海关按照《中华人民共和国海关进出口货物征税管理办法》的有关规定办理。

  更换的货物进入园区时,可以免领出口许可证件,免征出口关税,但海关不予签发出口货物报关单证明联。

  第四十三条 园区企业需要开展危险化工品和易燃易爆物品存储业务的,应当取得安全生产管理、消防、环保等相关部门的行政许可,并报园区主管海关备案。有关储罐、装置、设备等设施应当符合海关的监管要求。

  通过管道进出园区的货物,应当配备计量检测装置和其他便于海关监管的设施、设备。

  第四十四条 除法律、行政法规规定不得声明放弃的货物外,园区企业可以申请放弃货物。

  放弃货物由园区主管海关依法提取变卖,变卖收入由海关按照有关规定处理。依法变卖后,企业凭放弃该批货物的申请和园区主管海关提取变卖该货物的有关单证办理核销手续;确因无使用价值无法变卖并经海关核准的,由企业自行处理,园区主管海关直接办理核销手续。放弃货物在海关提取变卖前所需的仓储等费用,由企业自行承担。

  对按照规定应当销毁的放弃货物,由企业负责销毁,园区主管海关可以派员监督。园区主管海关凭有关主管部门的证明材料办理核销手续。

  第四十五条 因不可抗力造成园区货物损坏、损毁、灭失的,园区企业应当及时书面报告园区主管海关,说明理由并提供保险、灾害鉴定部门的有关证明。经园区主管海关核实确认后,按照下列规定处理:

  (一)货物灭失,或者虽未灭失但完全失去使用价值的,海关予以办理核销和免税手续;

  (二)进境货物损坏、损毁,失去原使用价值但可以再利用的,园区企业可以向园区主管海关办理退运手续。如不退运出境并要求运往区外的,由园区企业提出申请,并经园区主管海关核准,根据受灾货物的使用价值进行估价、征税后运出园区外;

  (三)区外进入园区的货物损坏、损毁,失去原使用价值但可以再利用,且需向出口企业进行退换的,可以退换为与损坏货物同一品名、规格、数量、价格的货物,并向园区主管海关办理退运手续。

  需退运到区外的,如属于尚未办理出口退税手续的,可以向园区主管海关办理退运手续;如属已经办理出口退税手续的,按照本条第(二)项进境货物运往区外的有关规定办理。

  第四十六条 因保管不善等非不可抗力因素造成货物损坏、损毁、灭失的,按下列规定办理:

  (一)对于从境外进入园区的货物,园区企业应当按照一般贸易进口货物的规定,以货物进入园区时海关接受申报之日适用的税率、汇率,依法向海关缴纳损毁、灭失货物原价值的关税、进口环节增值税和消费税;

  (二)对于从区外进入园区的货物,园区企业应当重新缴纳因出口而退还的国内环节有关税收,海关据此办理核销手续。

  第四十七条 园区货物不设存储期限。



第四节 对园区与其他海关特殊监管区域、

保税监管场所之间往来货物的监管



  第四十八条 海关对于园区与海关特殊监管区域或者保税监管场所之间往来的货物,继续实行保税监管,不予签发出口货物报关单证明联。但货物从未实行国内货物入区(仓)环节出口退税制度的海关特殊监管区域或者保税监管场所转入园区的,按照货物实际离境的有关规定办理申报手续,由转出地海关签发出口货物报关单证明联。

  第四十九条 园区与其他海关特殊监管区域、保税监管场所之间的货物交易、流转,不征收进出口环节和国内流通环节的有关税收。



第四章 对进出园区运输工具和人员

携带货物、物品的监管



  第五十条 运输工具和人员应当经海关指定的专用通道进出园区。

  第五十一条 对园区和其他口岸、海关特殊监管区域或者保税监管场所之间进出的货物,应当由经海关备案或者核准的运输工具承运。承运人应当遵守海关有关运输工具及其所载货物的管理规定。

  第五十二条 园区与区外非海关特殊监管区域或者保税监管场所之间货物的往来,企业可以使用其他非海关监管车辆承运。承运车辆进出园区通道时应当经海关登记,海关可以对货物和承运车辆进行查验、检查。

  第五十三条 下列货物进出园区时,按照海关规定办理相关手续并经园区主管海关查验后,可以由园区企业指派专人携带或者自行运输:

  (一)价值1万美元及以下的小额货物;

  (二)因品质不合格复运区外退换的货物;

  (三)已办理进口纳税手续的货物;

  (四)企业不要求出口退税的货物;

  (五)其他经海关核准的货物。



第五章 附 则



  第五十四条 除国际中转货物和其他另有规定的货物外,从境外运入园区的货物和从园区运往境外的货物列入海关进出口统计。从区外运入园区和从园区运往区外的货物,列入海关单项统计。

  园区企业之间转让、转移的货物,以及园区与其他海关特殊监管区域或者保税监管场所之间往来的货物,不列入海关统计。

  第五十五条 本办法下列用语的含义:

  园区综合办公区,是指园区行政管理机构或者其经营主体在园区规划面积内、围网外投资建立,供海关、园区企业和其他有关机构使用的具有办公、商务、报关、商品展示等功能的场所。

  拼箱,是指从境外启运的国际集装箱中转货物,在中转港存放期间由园区企业根据收发货人指令单独进行流通性简单加工和增值服务,或者与中转港所在国、地区的其他进口或者出口货物重新组合拼箱后,再次装船集中运往境外同一目的港的物流活动。

  核库,是指经企业申请,由海关盘查企业实际库存,并对海关及企业电子账册进、出、转、存的数据进行比对确认的行为。

  海关特殊监管区域,是指经国务院批准设立的保税区、出口加工区、园区、保税港区及其他特殊监管区域。

  保税监管场所,是指经海关批准设立的保税物流中心(A、B型)、保税仓库、出口监管仓库及其他保税监管场所。

  第五十六条 违反本办法规定,构成走私或者违反海关监管规定行为的,海关按照《中华人民共和国海关法》、《中华人民共和国海关行政处罚实施条例》的有关规定进行处理;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。

  第五十七条 本办法由海关总署负责解释。

  第五十八条 本办法自2006年1月1日起施行。




工业产品质量责任条例(附英文)

国务院


工业产品质量责任条例(附英文)

1986年4月5日,国务院

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了明确工业产品(以下简称产品)质量责任,维护用户和消费者(以下简称用户)的合法权益,保证有计划的商品经济健康发展,促进社会主义现代化建设,特制定本条例。
第二条 产品质量是指国家的有关法规、质量标准以及合同规定的对产品适用、安全和其它特性的要求。产品质量责任是指因产品质量不符合上述要求,给用户造成损失后应承担的责任。
第三条 国家标准化部门负责制定全国统一的国家标准。国家标准应不低于国际标准水平。国家标准可以分级分等。企业主管部门要规定生产企业达到国家标准最高等级的期限。国家物价部门按标准等级,实行按质论价。
第四条 产品的生产、储运、经销企业必须按照本条例的规定,承担产品质量责任。各部门、各地区,特别是企业主管机关必须对产品质量进行管理,监督有关企业坚持质量第一的方针,保证产品质量,承担质量责任;管理和监督不力的也应承坦连带责任。
第五条 质量监督机构、工商行政管理机关必须对产品质量进行监督,维护用户的利益。
第六条 产品的合格证、说明书、优质标志、认证标志等都必须与产品的实际质量水平相一致。产品广告中关于产品质量的说明,必须符合产品的实际质量。
第七条 所有生产、经销企业必须严格执行下列规定:(1)不合格的产品不准出厂和销售;(2)不合格的原材料、零部件不准投料、组装;(3)国家已明令淘汰的产品不准生产和销售;(4)没有产品质量标准、未经质量检验机构检验的产品不准生产和销售;(5)不准弄虚作假、以次充好、伪造商标、假冒名牌。所有生产、经销企业都不得用搭配手段推销产品。

第二章 产品生产企业的质量责任
第八条 产品的生产企业必须保证产品质量符合国家的有关法规、质量标准以及合同规定的要求。产品的生产企业必须建立严密、协调、有效的质量保证体系,要明确规定产品的质量责任。企业必须保证质量检验机构能独立行使监督、检验的职权;严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。
第九条 产品出厂,必须符合下列要求:(一)达到本条例第二条规定的质量要求,有检验机构和检验人员签证的产品检验合格证;(二)根据不同特点,有产品名称、规格、型号、成份、含量、重量、用法、生产批号、出厂日期、生产厂家、厂址、产品技术标准编号等文字说明,限时使用的产品应注明失效时间。优质产品必须有标志;(三)实行生产许可证制度的产品,要有许可证编号、批准日期和有效期限;(四)机器、设备、装置、仪表以及耐用消费品,除符合本条(一)、(二)、(三)项要求外,还应有详细的产品使用说明书。内容包括:产品的技术经济参数、使用寿命、使用范围、保证期限、安装方法、维修方法和保存条件、技术保养检修期以及其它有关产品设计参数的有效数据。电器产品,应附有线路图和原理图;(五)包装必须符合国家有关规定和标准。剧毒、危险、易碎、怕压、需防潮、不装倒置的产品,在内外包装上必须有显著的指示标志和储运注意事项。产品包装上必须注明实际重量(净重和毛重);(六)使用商标和分级分等的产品,在产品或包装上应有商标和分级分等标记;(七)符合国家安全、卫生、环境保护和计量等法规的要求。
第十条 达不到国家的有关标准规定等级、仍有使用价值的“处理品”,经企业主管机关批准后,方可降价销售,在产品和包装上必须标出显著的“处理品”字样。违反国家安全、卫生、环境保护、计量等法规要求的产品,必须及时销毁或作必要的技术处理,不得以“处理品”流入市场。不得用“处理品”生产和组装用以销售的产品。
第十一条 在产品保证期限内发现质量不符合第二条要求时,根据不同情况,由产品生产企业对用户和经销企业承坦质量责任:(一)产品的一般零部件、元器件失效,更换后即能恢复使用要求的,应负责按期修复;(二)产品的主要零部件、元器件失效,不能按期修复的,应负责更换合格品;(三)产品因设计、制造等原因造成主要功能不符合第二条要求,用户要求退货的,应负责退还货款;(四)造成经济损失的,还应负责赔偿实际经济损失;(五)由维修服务或经销企业负责产品售后技术服务时,生产企业必须按售后技术服务合同,提供足够的备品、备件和必要的技术支援。

第三章 产品储运企业的质量责任
第十二条 承储、承运、装卸企业必须根据国家有关规定和产品包装上标明的储运要求进行储存、运输和装卸。
第十三条 承储、承运企业在产品入库储存或出库、产品承运或交货时,应按照国家有关规定,严格执行交接验收制度,明确质量责任。确属储存、运输、装卸原因造成产品损伤,承储、承运、装卸企业应分别承担责任,按国家有关规定,赔偿经济损失。

第四章 产品经销企业的质量责任
第十四条 经销企业在进货时,应对产品进行验收,明确产品的质量责任。经销企业出售的产品,必须符合本条例第七条、第九条的规定。
第十五条 经销企业售出的产品在保证期限内发现质量不符合第二条的要求时,应由经销企业负责对用户实行包修、包换、包退、承担赔偿实际经济损失的责任。

第五章 产品质量的监督管理
第十六条 各质量监督机构,按照国家有关规定,单独组织或者会同工商行政管理部门、各行业主管部门、企业主管部门,对产品的生产、储运和经销等各个环节实行经常性的监督抽查,并定期公布抽查产品的质量状况。企业必须如实提供抽查样品,并在检测手段和工作条件方面提供方便。除国家已有规定外,质量监督机构抽查产品,不准向企业收费,以保证监督机构的公正性。质量监督机构所需的技术措施费用和检测费用,按实际需要由国家或地方财政拨款解决。各级经济委员会负责对产品质量监督管理工作进行领导和组织协调。
第十七条 各级行业主管部门和企业主管部门负责本行业产品质量的管理工作,其职责是:在授权范围内,制定或参与制定有关产品质量标准以及有关规章制度,负责产品质量的监督管理,督促企业保证产品质量,完善质量保证系统;组织发放生产许可证。
第十八条 对产品质量实行社会性监督。用户可以向产品生产、储运、经销企业提出质量查询;社团组织可以协助用户参与质量争议的调解、仲裁,支持用户向人民法院起诉。
第十九条 用户按双方协议可以派出代表到生产企业对产品生产过程和产品质量进行现场监督。

第六章 产品质量责任争议的处理
第二十条 因产品质量问题发生争议时,有经济合同的,按《经济合同法》的有关规定执行;没有合同的,争议的任何一方都可提请有关的质量监督机构调解处理,也可向人民法院起诉。
第二十一条 对产品质量的技术检验数据有争议时,当事人或调解、仲裁机构可委托法定的质量检验单位进行仲裁检验,质量检验单位应对提供的仲裁检验数据负责。
第二十二条 除国家另有规定外,质量责任的仲裁请求和起诉,应从当事人知悉或应当知悉权益受损害之日起一年内提出。产品质量责任方愿意承担责任时,不受时效限制。

第七章 罚 则
第二十三条 企业产品质量达不到国家规定的标准,企业主管机关应令其限期整顿。经整顿仍无效者,企业主管机关应令其停产或转产,直至建议有关主管机关撤销生产许可证,吊销营业执照。在整顿期间,企业主管机关视不同情况,可扣发企业负责人和职工的奖金、工资。
第二十四条 生产、经销企业违反本条例规定,有下列行为之一者,由企业主管机关对企业负责人和直接责任者给以行政处分,由工商行政管理机关没收其全部非法收入,并视其情节轻重,处以相当于非法收入的15%至20%的罚款,直至由司法机关追究法律责任。(一)生产、经销掺假产品、冒牌产品,以“处理品”冒充合格品;(二)生产、经销隐匿厂名、厂址的产品;(三)生产、经销没有产品检验合格证的产品;(四)生产、经销国家已明令淘汰的产品;(五)生产、经销国家实行生产许可证制度而到期未取得生产许可证的产品;(六)生产、经销用不合格原材料、零部件生产或组装的产品;(七)生产、经销违反国家安全、卫生、环境保护和计量等法规要求的产品;(八)经销过期失效产品。罚没收入全部上交国家财政。
第二十五条 有质量监督抽查中发现生产和经销企业有第二十四条中列举的行为时,由质量监督机构按第二十四条规定处理。对于不符合本条例第九条第七项规定的,由质量监督机构监督就地销毁或作必要的技术处理,并令生产、经销企业在限期内追回已售出的不合格产品。违反本条例第八条的规定,对质量检验人员进行打击报复的,或质量监督、检验机构工作人员徇私舞弊的,由有关主管机关给予行政处分;情节特别严重的,依法追究刑事责任。
第二十六条 由于产品的质量责任,造成用户人身伤亡,财产损失,触犯刑律的,由司法机关依法追究当事人的刑事责任。
第二十七条 上述处罚,不免除产品质量责任方对用户承担的产品包修、包换、包退、赔偿实际经济损失的责任。

第八章 附 则
第二十八条 有关主管部门可根据本条例的规定,制定实施细则;进出口商品、军用产品及有特殊要求的产品的质量责任可由有关主管部门参照本条例的原则,另行规定。
第二十九条 本条例适用于所有全民、集体所有制企业,个体工商业经营者以及在中国境内的中外合资、合作、外资企业。
第三十条 本条例授权国家经济委员会负责解释。
第三十一条 本条例自一九八六年七月一日起施行。(附英文)

REGULATIONS ON QUALITY RESPONSIBILITY FOR INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS

Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
REGULATIONS ON QUALITY RESPONSIBILITY FOR INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
(Promulgated by the State Council on April 5, 1986)

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
The present Regulations are enacted in order to define the quality
responsibility for industrial products ("products" for short hereinafter),
safeguard the legitimate rights of the customer and consumer ("customer"
for short hereinafter), ensure the healthy development of commodity
economy in a planned way, and promote socialist modernization.
Article 2
"Quality of product" refers to the requirement for the applications,
safety and other properties of the products stipulated in related laws and
regulations, quality standards and contracts.
"Quality responsibility for products" refers to the responsibility that
shall be born due to the product's failure to satisfy the above-mentioned
requirements, which leads to loss on the part of the customer.
Article 3
The national standardization department is responsible for drawing up the
unified national standards. The national standards shall not be lower than
the international standards. National standards may be classified and
graded. The competent authorities responsible for the enterprise shall fix
a time limit for achieving the highest grade of the national standards.
The price department of the Central Government shall fix the prices
according to the grades of standards and implement the principle of "price
according to quality".
Article 4
Those enterprises engaging in the production, storing, transporting and
marketing of the product must, in accordance with the stipulations of the
present Regulations, undertake the quality responsibility for the
products.
The various departments, various localities, especially the competent
authorities for the manufacturer must exercise strict control over the
quality of the products, supervise and see that the manufacturer concerned
abides by the principle of "quality first", with a view to guaranteeing
the quality of product and undertaking quality responsibility. Those
failing to exercise effective control and supervision shall also undertake
liability arising therefrom.
Article 5
Quality-supervision agencies and the industry and commerce administration
departments must keep supervision over the quality of product and protect
the interest of the customer.
Article 6
The quality certificate, manuals, "high-quality" sign and identity sign of
a product must all be in conformity with the actual quality level of the
product. The explanation in the advertisement of the product must conform
to the actual quality of the product.
Article 7
All the manufacturers and the marketing firms must observe strictly the
following rules:
(1) unqualified product is forbidden from being dispatched from the
factory or marketed;
(2) unqualified raw materials and parts and components are not allowed to
be put into production or be used for assembly;
(3) it is forbidden to manufacture the products whose elimination the
State has explicitly ordered;
(4) product without the product-quality standard or without being tested
by the state quality-testing organ is not allowed to be manufactured and
marketed;
(5) it is forbidden to plot frauds, to pass of unqualified product as
qualified, to forge trademarks, or to imitate the famous brand products.
All the manufacturers and marketing firms are not allowed to sell their
products by way of coupling-sale.

Chapter II Quality Responsibility of the Product Manufacturer
Article 8
The manufacturer of the product must make sure that the quality of the
product conforms to the requirements laid down by relevant laws and
regulations, quality standards and stipulations of the contract.
The manufacturer of the product must set up a strict, well-coordinated and
effective quality-guarantee system, with a view to fixing the quality
responsibility for the product in an explicit manner.
The manufacturer must see to it that the quality-inspecting organ can
independently perform its functions of supervision and testing. It is
strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.
Article 9
The product shall not leave the factory unless it satisfies the following
requirements:
(1) achieving the quality requirements stipulated in Article 2 of the
present Regulations, and obtaining the quality certificate of the product
issued by testing organ and testing personnel;
(2) having the written explanation of, according to specific
characteristics, the product's name, size, model, ingredients, the
percentage of the ingredients, weight, direction for applications, lot No.
of production, date of production, name of manufacturer, address of the
manufacturer, and the serial number of the technical specifications of the
said product; explicitly specifying the date of expiry in case of a
product with time limit of efficacy. "High-quality" product must bear the
mark thereof;
(3) having the serial number, date of approval and the term of validity of
the production licence in case of a product manufactured under the
production licence system;
(4) machinery, equipment, devices, apparatus and durable consumer goods,
apart from satisfying the requirements in Items (1), (2) and (3) of this
Article, shall be accompanied with detailed instructions on the use of the
product. The content thereof includes: the product's technical-economic
parameters, service life, range of application, term of guarantee, methods
for installation, methods of maintenance and conditions for storing, term
of technical maintenance and repair, and other effective data concerning
the design parameters of the product. Electric products shall be attached
with the circuit diagram and schematic diagram;
(5) the package must conform to the related state regulations and
standards. As regards the products that are drastically poisonous,
dangerous, fragile, can not be laid on by heavy load, needing protection
against moisture, can not be turned upside down, there must be, on both
the external and interior packing, obvious indication marks and notices
for storing and transportation. On the package of the product, there must
be noted explicitly the actual weights (net and gross);
(6) on the product or the package thereof on which the trademark and
quality classification and grading system is applied, there shall be signs
for the said trademark, classification and grading;
(7) conforming to the requirements of the state laws and regulations
concerning safety, hygiene, protection of environment and measuring.
Article 10
The "substandard" goods that fail to achieve the requirements of the
related state standards, but still have some use value, cannot be marketed
at reduced price until having obtained the approval from the competent
authorities of the manufacturer; and on the package there must be clearly
marked with the words of "substandard goods". Products that fail to meet
the requirements of the state laws and regulations concerning safety,
hygiene and environmental protection and measuring must be destroyed or
undergo necessary technical treatment in good time. They are not allowed
to enter the market in the name of "substandard goods".
"Substandard goods" are not allowed to be used to manufacture or assemble
market-oriented products.
Article 11
Within the guarantee period of the product, in case of the quality found
out of line with the requirements stipulated in Article 2, the
manufacturer shall, according to the following different circumstances,
undertake the quality liability to the customer and marketing firm:
(1) the common part or component loses efficacy and therefore, after being
replaced, the performance can immediately be restored; in this case, the
manufacturer shall be responsible for replacing with qualified parts or
components and for restoring the normal performance;
(2) in case that the main part or competent of the product has lost the
efficacy and cannot be repaired within the set period, the manufacturer
shall be responsible for replacing with qualified products;
(3) in case the major function fails to satisfy the requirements of
Article 2 due to such causes as designing and manufacture, if the customer
requires to return the goods, the manufacturer shall refund;
(4) in case of economic loss caused by the quality faults, the
manufacturer shall also compensate for the actual loss;
(5) if maintenance and repair service or marketing firm responsible for
the aftersale technical service, so required and manufacturer must,
according to the contract of aftersale service, supply sufficient standby
products, spare parts and necessary technical support.

Chapter III Quality Responsibility of Enterprises for Storing or Transporting the Product
Article 12
The enterprises which undertake to store, transport, load or unload the
products must conduct the work of the storing, transportation, loading and
unloading in compliance with the relevant state stipulations and the
storing-transporting requirements indicated on the package of the product.
Article 13
In the course of the product entering the warehouse for storing or leaving
the warehouse, undertaking to transport the product or handing over the
product, the enterprise that stores or transports the product shall
observe the pertinent state stipulations and the storing-trans-system of
handing-over and checking before acceptance, so as to define the quality
responsibility. In case it has been testified that the damage of the
product is due to the cause of storage, transport or loading and
unloading, the enterprises which store, transport or load and unload the
product shall bear their respective liabilities and, according to related
government regulations, compensate for the economic loss.

Chapter IV Quality Responsibility of the Marketing Firm of the Product
Article 14
When laying in a stock of merchandise, the marketing firm shall, before
acceptance, test the product, so that the quality responsibility can be
clearly defined. The products sold by the marketing firm must conform to
the requirements stipulated in Articles 7 and 9 of the present
Regulations.
Article 15
In case the product sold by the marketing firm is found not up to the
conditions stipulated in Article 2 within the period of guarantee, the
marketing firm shall be responsible for guaranteed repairing, replacement,
taking back the product and refunding, and undertaking the responsibility
of compensating for the actual economic loss.

Chapter V Supervision and Control over the Quality of Product
Article 16
The various quality-supervising agencies shall, in accordance with the
relevant regulations of the state, organize independently, or together
with the industry and commerce administrative authorities, the responsible
departments of the various trades, and the responsible departments of the
various manufacturers, regular supervisional sample-checking on the
various links such as manufacture, storing, transportation, and marketing,
and regularly publicize the result of the testing of the samples.
Enterprises must honestly furnish the samples for checking and provide
facilities with respect to the testing means and working conditions.
Unless otherwise stated in state regulations, it is not allowed for the
quality-supervising agencies to collect fees from the enterprises for
sample-checking on the product, so as to guarantee the impartiality of the
supervising agencies. The expenses needed for the technical means and
measures and for the test by the quality-supervising agencies shall be
covered by the state or local financial allocations according to the
actual needs.
The economic commission at various levels are responsible for leadership,
organization and coordination of the supervision and control over product
quality.
Article 17
Responsible departments of the trades and responsible departments for the
enterprises at various levels are responsible for the control over the
quality of products in the respective trades within their authorization,
which covers: formulating or taking part in the formulation of the quality
standards for the products in their respective areas of responsibility and
the pertinent rules and regulations, being responsible for supervision and
control over the quality of products, urging the enterprises to ensure the
quality of product, perfecting the quality guaranteeing system, and
organizing the issuance of production licences.
Article 18
Exercise social supervision over the quality of product. The customer can
make inquiries about the quality of the product at the manufacturer, the
enterprises for storing and transporting, and the marketing firms; and the
social associations and organizations can help the customers participate
in the mediation, arbitration over quality disputes, and support the
customers to file lawsuits with the people's court.
Article 19
The customer can, according to the mutual agreement between the customer
and manufacturer, send his representative to the manufacturer to conduct
on-the-spot-supervision over the process of the production and the quality
of the product.

Chapter VI Settlement of Disputes over Quality Responsibility for the Product
Article 20
Any dispute arising from the quality of product shall, provided there is
an economic contract, observe the relevant stipulations in the Economic
Contract Law. In the absence of such contracts, either party to the
dispute can refer the dispute to a relevant quality-supervising agency for
mediation or settlement, or take the case to the people's court.
Article 21
In case of any dispute over the data of technical testing of the quality
of product, the party concerned or the mediating or arbitrating agencies
can entrust legally designated quality-testing unit for arbitral testing;
and the said quality testing unit shall be responsible for the data of the
arbitral testing.
Article 22
Unless otherwise stipulated by the government, the request for arbitration
or prosecution over quality responsibility shall be raised within one year
from the date the party concerned is aware of or should be aware of his
interest and rights being damaged. Where the party bearing the quality
responsibility for the product is willing to bear the responsibility, it
is not limited by the term of validity.

Chapter VII Penalties
Article 23
Where the product of an enterprise fails to reach the state-stipulated
standards, the competent authoritative department of the said enterprise
shall order the enterprise to rectify production within a fixed period.
Where the said rectification within the fixed period turns out to be of no
effect, the competent authoritative department of the said enterprise
shall order it to stop production or switch over to a new line of
products, or even suggest that the relevant authorities revoke the
production licence and the business licence. In the period of
rectification, the competent authoritative department responsible for the
said enterprise may, according to different circumstances, deduct the
bonus and wages of the executive members of the enterprise and of the
staff and workers.
Article 24
Where the manufacturer or marketing firm has committed one of the
following acts in violation of the stipulations of the present
Regulations, the authoritative department responsible for the enterprise
or firm shall mete out disciplinary punishment to the responsible persons
of the enterprise and to the persons bearing direct responsibility; and
the industry and commerce administrative organ shall confiscate all the
illegal income, and impose on it a fine equivalent to 15% to 20% of the
illegal income according to the degree of seriousness of the case; or even
the legal liabilities shall be fixed by the judicial organs through due
investigation.
1. manufacture or market adulterated product or imitated product, or pass
off "substandard" product as qualified;
2. manufacture or market products without indicating the name and address
of the manufacturer;
3. manufacture or market products without quality certificate;
4. manufacture or market products of which the State has issued explicit
order for their elimination;
5. manufacture or market the products on which the State adopts the system
of production licence, but fails to renew the said production licence
after its expiry;
6. manufacture or market products manufactured or assembled with
unqualified raw materials, parts or components;
7. manufacture or market products in violation of the requirements
stipulated by state laws and regulations concerning safety, hygiene,
environmental protection and measuring;
8. market products which have passed the expiry date.
The incomes collected from fines shall be handed to the state treasury.
Article 25
In the course of sample-check on quality supervision, in case it is found
that the manufacturer or marketing firm has committed the act(s) listed in
Article 24, the quality-supervising agency shall treat the case according
to the stipulation in Article 24. As regards the product not in conformity
to the provision of Item (7) of Article 9 of the present Regulations, the
product shall be destroyed on the spot by the quality-supervising agency
or be given the necessary technical treatment; and the manufacturer and
the marketing firm shall be ordered to recover within the given time all
the substandard products that have already been sold.
In case of violation of the stipulations in Article 8 of the present
Regulations, or retaliation against quality-testing personnel, or the
working personnel in quality-supervising and quality-testing agencies act
wrongly out of personal consideration, the responsible authoritative
department shall mete out disciplinary punishment. As regards those of
extraordinary seriousness, criminal liabilities shall be investigated and
fixed according to law.
Article 26
Where the poor quality of the product has resulted in the injury or death
of the customer, and in his loss of property, hence violating the criminal
code, the judicial organs shall investigate and fix the legal liability of
the party concerned.
Article 27
The above-mentioned penalty does not acquit the party bearing the quality
responsibility of its responsibility for the guaranteed repair,
replacement, recovering the product with the money already paid, and the
compensation for the actual economic loss to the customer(s).

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 28
The relevant responsible authorities may, in line with the provisions of
the present Regulations, work out the implementing details. The quality
responsibility regulations for import & export products, for goods with
military application as well as goods for special requirements, the
relevant authorities may, with reference to the principles of the present
Regulations, enact separate specific regulations.
Article 29
The present Regulations apply to all enterprises with ownership by the
whole people, enterprises with ownership by the collective, individual
industrial and commercial operators as well as the Chinese-foreign equity
joint ventures, contractual joint ventures, and foreign-capital
enterprises.
Article 30
The State Economic Commission is authorized to interpret the present
Regulations.
Article 31
The present Regulations shall go into force on July 1st, 1986.